A chess clock has two timers, one for each player. When you make a move, you press the button on your side to stop your timer and begin your opponent’s. If your time reaches zero before the game ends, you normally lose, provided your opponent has enough material to be able to checkmate you in theory.
Setting the Time Control
Agree the format before the first move. The common types are:
- Sudden death. Each side has a fixed amount of time for the whole game, such as ten minutes.
- Increment. A few seconds are added to your clock after every move you make.
- Delay. The clock waits a few seconds each turn before it begins counting down your time.
Short games suit casual evenings, while longer ones give room for deeper thought. Check the maker’s guide for how to set your own model.
The Routine for Every Move
- Think while your own clock runs.
- Make your move with one hand.
- Press the clock with the same hand you moved with.
- Wait for your opponent’s move while your clock is stopped.
- Repeat.
Always use one hand for both actions. Capturing a piece and then removing it with the other hand is fine, but do not press the clock before the move is complete.
Good Clock Manners
- Do not slam the button or hold it down hard.
- Do not hover your hand over the clock while your opponent is thinking.
- Do not press the clock for your opponent.
- If a piece falls over, tell your opponent first, then fix it with your own time still running if you are the one moving.
Spreading Your Time
| Phase | Typical use of time |
|---|---|
| Opening | Move quickly through familiar ideas |
| Middlegame | Spend the most time on critical choices |
| Endgame | Keep some reserve for accuracy |
Glance at both clocks every few moves. If you are behind on time, simplify and choose clear plans rather than long calculations.
A few simple rules of thumb help. Do not spend a long time on a move that is obvious, such as recapturing a piece. Use a quick check for threats on every turn. If you reach a position you do not understand, make a sensible move and keep moving rather than freezing and losing minutes.
Practise with a slow time limit first, then shorten it as you gain comfort with pressing the button without looking at it.
FAQ
What if I run out of time but my opponent cannot checkmate me?
In standard rules, if the opponent has no possible way to checkmate you, for example only a king, the game is a draw instead of a win on time.
Can I use a phone as a clock?
For casual games, yes. Many people do. In formal events, a dedicated clock is usually required.
The Short Version
Agree the time control, move and press with the same hand, and watch both clocks. Playing quickly in the opening leaves you time for the hard decisions later.